快速成形技術(shù)是綜合利用CAD技術(shù)、數(shù)控技術(shù)、激光加工技術(shù)和材料技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)從零件設(shè)計(jì)到三維實(shí)體原型制造一體化的系統(tǒng)技術(shù)。它采用軟件離散一材料堆積的原理實(shí)現(xiàn)零件的成形。

Rapid prototyping technology is a system technology that comprehensively utilizes CAD technology, CNC technology, laser processing technology, and material technology to achieve integration from part design to 3D solid prototype manufacturing. It adopts the principle of software discretization and material stacking to achieve the forming of parts.

具體過程如下：利用高性能的CAD軟件設(shè)計(jì)出零件的三維曲面或?qū)嶓w模型；再根據(jù)工藝要求，按照一定的厚度在Z向(或其它方向)對(duì)生成的CAD模型進(jìn)行切面分層，生成各個(gè)棱面的三維平面信息；然后對(duì)層面信息進(jìn)行工藝處理，選擇加工參數(shù)，系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)生成刀具移動(dòng)軌跡和數(shù)控加工代碼；再對(duì)加工過程進(jìn)行仿真，確認(rèn)數(shù)控代碼的正確性；然后利用數(shù)控裝置精確控制激光束或其它工具的運(yùn)動(dòng)，在當(dāng)前工作層(三維)上采用輪廓掃描，加工出適當(dāng)?shù)慕孛嫘螤睿辉黉伾弦粚有碌某尚尾牧希M(jìn)行下一次的加工，直整個(gè)零件加工完畢。可以看出，快速成形技術(shù)是個(gè)由三維轉(zhuǎn)換成二維(軟件離散化)，再由二維到三維(材料堆積)的工作過程。

The specific process is as follows: using high-performance CAD software to design three-dimensional surfaces or solid models of parts; According to the process requirements, the generated CAD model is sliced and layered in the Z direction (or other directions) according to a certain thickness, generating three-dimensional plane information for each edge surface; Then, process the layer information, select machining parameters, and the system automatically generates the tool movement trajectory and CNC machining code; Simulate the machining process again to confirm the correctness of the CNC code; Then, using CNC devices to precisely control the movement of laser beams or other tools, contour scanning is used on the current working layer (3D) to process appropriate cross-sectional shapes; Lay another layer of new forming material and proceed with the next processing until the entire part is processed. It can be seen that rapid prototyping technology is a work process that transforms from three-dimensional to two-dimensional (software discretization), and then from two-dimensional to three-dimensional (material stacking).

快速原型法不僅可用于原始設(shè)計(jì)中快速生成零件的實(shí)物，也可用來快速?gòu)?fù)制實(shí)物(包括放大、縮小、修改和復(fù)制)。其工作原理是，用三維數(shù)字化儀采集三維實(shí)物信息，在計(jì)算機(jī)中還原生成實(shí)物的三維模型，必要時(shí)用三維CAD軟件進(jìn)行修改和縮放，然后進(jìn)行三維離散化并送到成型機(jī)生成實(shí)

The rapid prototyping method can not only be used to quickly generate physical parts in the original design, but also to quickly replicate physical objects (including zooming in, zooming out, modifying, and copying). The working principle is to collect three-dimensional physical information using a 3D digitizer, restore the generated three-dimensional model of the physical object in the computer, modify and scale it with 3D CAD software if necessary, then discretize it in three-dimensional and send it to the forming machine to generate the physical object

快速成形法的特點(diǎn)和適用范圍

The characteristics and applicability of rapid prototyping method

快速成形法具有下列特點(diǎn)和優(yōu)點(diǎn)：

The rapid prototyping method has the following characteristics and advantages:

更適合于形狀復(fù)雜的、不規(guī)則零件的加工；

More suitable for processing complex and irregular parts;

減少了對(duì)熟練技術(shù)工人的需求；

Reduced demand for skilled workers;

沒有或極少?gòu)U棄材料，是一種型制造技術(shù)；

There is no or very little waste material, which is an environmentally friendly manufacturing technology;

成功的解決了計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)中三維造型“看得見，摸不著”的問題；

Successfully solved the problem of "visible but intangible" 3D modeling in computer-aided design;

系統(tǒng)柔性高，只需修改CAD模型就可生成各種不同形狀的零件；

The system has high flexibility and can generate various parts with different shapes by modifying the CAD model;

技術(shù)集成，設(shè)計(jì)制造一體化；

Technology integration, design and manufacturing integration;

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